Planning a pregnancy

One visit to a doctor before you get pregnant can make the following months easier. You can go over your health, your medicines and your family history. If a pregnancy has started unexpectedly, there is no need to panic. See a doctor and take these steps from now on.

Folic acid lowers the risk of certain defects of a baby's brain and spinal cord. These form in the first weeks of pregnancy, often before a woman knows she is pregnant, so it is best to start before you conceive. Ask a doctor or pharmacist how much is right for you.

• Whether long-term conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, epilepsy or thyroid problems are under control.
• Medicines you take regularly. Do not stop them on your own, talk to your doctor first.
• Your vaccinations, for example against rubella.
• Blood tests for anemia and blood group.
• Genetic counseling if inherited conditions such as thalassemia run in your family or you and your partner are related.

• Stop smoking cigarettes and hookah, and stay away from smoky rooms.
• Avoid alcohol, as no safe amount in pregnancy is known.
• Eat a balanced diet and move regularly.
• Ask your doctor about your weight, since both too much and too little can matter.

A man's health affects conception too. Smoking, alcohol and some medicines can lower sperm quality, so he should take part in preparing.